Bloomington
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Zimmerman Elementary School
11050 Linden Ave, Bloomington
The unincorporated community of Bloomington was a haven for many Latino families seeking to escape urban cities for rural and equestrian tranquility. Now hundreds of acres of residential and rural land is transforming into concrete slabs of warehousing.
For the last 50 years, Bloomington’s affordable land and housing drew Latinos away from urban centers to build families and community. Now miles of warehouses have replaced homes and encircled schools, threatening rural lifestyles, the residents' health, and the community’s viability for future generations.
This growth in warehousing has been welcomed by some residents who for decades have been frustrated with the lack of public infrastructure and services available in this unincorporated community. They hoped that corporate investment would fund sidewalks and improve roads the area historically lacked. Other residents have organized against the onslaught of warehouse development occurring in their neighborhoods, telling County officials and developers that, “Bloomington Is Not For Sale.”
From the Archives
by A People’s History of the I.E.
Click on the images below to uncover the story.
Bloomington, Rialto, and Fontana were established by the Semi-Tropic Land and Development Company in 1887. Residents were mostly farmers, and the area became renowned for its rich citrus harvests. An ad by the Mission Land Co. in the 1911 program of the National Orange Show described Bloomington’s citrus product as having “no pest, no frost.”
Bloomington Fruit Association packinghouse and employees, 1890s, courtesy San Bernardino County Museum, www.sbcounty.gov/museum
During the mid to late 1950s, the construction of the Interstate 10 freeway bisected Bloomington and hampered efforts by residents to incorporate.
Virginia Geil who organized to preserve Bloomington history described the effect:
“When they went through with the freeway it took the heart out of Bloomington.”
Cedar Ave. at High St., a central thoroughfare in Bloomington before the I-10 freeway cut through, courtesy San Bernardino County Museum, www.sbcounty.gov/museum
Competing efforts to reshape the boundaries of Bloomington began in the 1960s. Some local groups organized to push for city incorporation, hoping to exert more control over future development in the area.
Instead, County officials allowed some portions of southwest and southeast Bloomington to be annexed by Rialto and Fontana. These annexed regions would become the first to experience rapid expansion of warehousing in the early 2000s.
“Bloomington used to be much bigger when we first moved here. But they keep chipping away at it.”
—Margaret Razo, Bloomington resident since the early 1970s
Welcome to Bloomington, 2023, photo by Fernanda Durazo, courtesy of the artist
By the 2000s, Bloomington’s population was between 60% and 80% Latino. New residents used the land for horses, crops, and raising the next generation in cultural traditions from Mexico.
“My parents are from Mexico and so every summer we would go back. The ranch, the farm lifestyle — it’s a cultural thing. So when we were able to find our 2 acres in Bloomington, it was for us to be homeowners, of course, but also to have our children raised, you know, with our traditions. It was just a dream come true.”
—Ana Carlos
Bloomington youth demonstrates his skills with a lasso, typical to Mexican charro (horseman) culture, 2022, photo by Anthony Victoria, courtesy of The Frontline Observer
In the 2010s, more developers continued to propose warehouse projects — this time right next to residences. Homeowners like Thomas and Kim Rocha became directly involved with the fight for environmental justice after receiving a letter from San Bernardino County planners about a proposed land use change to accommodate a 200,000-square-foot warehouse project only a few hundred feet away from their home.
“My husband and I have worked for 40 years at a union company. And we knew we had a voice. So not only did we answer the letter, we made a template letter. And we walked to all our neighbors…The easiest thing to do was just to give them a letter. If they were against the warehouse, they could sign it and just put their name on it and mail it.”
—Kim Rocha, 2018
The Rochas and other neighbors and families formed the Concerned Neighbors of Bloomington to fend off threats from the warehouse industry and to advocate against land use zoning changes.
Kim and Thomas Rocha looking over the wall behind their house at the recently constructed warehouse, photo by Anthony Victoria, courtesy of The Frontline Observer
Howard Industrial Partners is currently developing swaths of residential and public land into warehouses. In 2022, they received approval from San Bernardino County to rezone 213 acres into the future Bloomington Business Park. Threatened by this new development is the 1953 Zimmerman Elementary School, which has served generations of students.
Margaret Razo attended Zimmerman Elementary, as did her siblings and kids. Now it is slated for demolition to accommodate Howard’s vision for Bloomington.
“We went to all the city meetings, you know, all the city council meetings, all of that. But it was fruitless because by the time we knew that it was happening, it was already like a done deal, you know? How are they going to tear down Zimmerman to put a warehouse? It's ridiculous.”
Colton Joint Unified School District plans to construct new buildings to house Zimmerman Elementary School a few blocks away, but it will still be located amidst warehouses and next to a truck stop in a neighborhood with one of the most intense air pollution problems in California.
Ana Carlos and Alejandra Gonzales, Concerned Neighbors of Bloomington, Dec. 2022, photo by Sadie Scott, courtesy of The Frontline Observer
One resident impacted by Howard Industrial Partners’ development is Felipe Ortiz. He moved to Bloomington to find some semblance of Mexico by having access to land to own horses. Ortiz is one of many residents who participate in local cabalgatas — organized horseback rides used as a form of protest against the developer.
“They’re kicking me out. I haven’t been eating because of the worry. My 13-year-old son says to sell his horse. He tells me, ‘family comes first, then horses.’ This makes me feel really bad.”
—Felipe Ortiz
A man and his son on horseback at the cabalgata to protest the Bloomington Business Park Specific Plan, Dec. 2022, photo by Sadie Scott, courtesy The Frontline Observer
As of May 2024 there were 14 warehouses with 4 million square feet of space. They attract over 3,000 truck trips daily that contribute to high levels of pollution in the area. Five additional warehouses have been approved with 1.2 million more square feet of space.
Despite the onslaught of warehouse development in their neighborhoods, residents continue to find ways to put pressure on the County and developers to do right by the residents of Bloomington.
Environmental justice groups have filed a lawsuit against the County for its approval of the business park, citing health and pollution concerns.
“It's kind of like neighbors helping neighbors. ‘I'm getting a warehouse in my backyard. Let's stand up against this.’ And so we're helping. But over the years, it kind of seems like everyone's been getting a warehouse in their backyard.”
—Ana Carlos
Demolished houses on Locust St., photo by Fernanda Durazo, courtesy of the artist
Ferny's Story
Images and words by Fernanda Durazo
Film by Tamara Cedré
Bloomington Speaks: A Community Sculpture & Art Exhibition at Zimmerman Elementary School 06.15.2024
by Tamara Cedré, Fernanda Durazo, James Dailey, & Juan Dominguez Carrillo
Soon Zimmerman Elementary School will be torn down, built anew nearby, and replaced by more warehouses. Signage for Historic Landmark No. 3 acknowledges community history, 2024. Photo: Tamara Cedré.
Members of the community decorated cardboard boxes with messages about their struggles and hopes, which were installed temporarily at Zimmerman Elementary School, 2024. Photo: Tamara Cedré.
Resident decorating a box, 2024. Photo: Fernanda Durazo.
Installation of shipping boxes adorned with messages by community members, 2024. Photo: Josue Munoz.
Detail of decorated boxes, 2024. Photo: Catherine Gudis.
Andrea Vidaurre, People’s Collective for Environmental Justice, talked with residents about ongoing organizing to retain homes and small businesses, 2024. Photo: Catherine Gudis.
Bloomington family members demonstrated multigenerational Mexican rancho culture, 2024. Photo: Josue Munoz.
Shipping container in the Zimmerman Elementary School parking lot, 2024. Photo: Tamara Cedré.
Exhibition of Bloomington community archives (with Miguel Muñoz-Valtierra at front-center), 2024. Photo: Tamara Cedré.
Installation view showing 2020 photo by resident Ana Carlos of Bloomington Equestrian Center, 2024. Photo: Jennifer Tilton.
Installation view showing community archive, 2024. Photo: Tamara Cedré.
Images by community members document changes to Bloomington, here showing a valley of warehouses, from the top of the Rutho hills facing Maple Street, 2021. Photo: Miguel Muñoz-Valtierra.
Documentary photographs form a community archive that was on view for the temporary exhibition. Bloomington cemetery facing south, 2023. Photo: Fernanda Durazo.
Felipe Ortiz's rented home and ranchito, in danger of eviction, shown in 2024. (The home was later bulldozed.) Photo: Fernanda Durazo.
Felipe Ortiz on horseback at cabalgata demonstrating against residential displacement by warehouse development, 2024. Photo: Fernanda Durazo.
Felipe Ortiz and his Bloomington community ride through the neighborhood during cabalgata, 2024. Photo: Fernanda Durazo.
Resources
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Concerned Neighbors for Bloomington fights against San Bernardino County’s rezoning of our equestrian neighborhood into industrial warehouses
CCAEJ – Center for Community Action and Environmental Justice is a community-based organization fighting for environmental justice and equity in Bloomington and throughout the I.E.
PC4EJ – People’s Collective for Environmental Justice fights for environmental justice and challenges the cultural and systemic roots of white supremacy
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Frontline Observer, “How Developers are Shaping Politics in the Inland Empire”
Frontline Observer, “In the Midst of Changing Landscape Concerned Neighbors of Bloomington Plan to Fight Back”
Frontline Observer, “Community Sculpture Encouraging Residents to Use Shipping Boxes to Create Stories”
Black Voice News, “Concerned Neighbors of Bloomington Fight Warehouse Proposal”
PBS SoCal, “When Residential Neighborhoods Are Rezoned For Warehouses, part of Empire of Logistics Series”
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San Bernardino County Museum’s collection includes historic Bloomington photos
A People’s History of the IE is archiving oral histories and photos from Bloomington